[
  {
    "id": "doppelganger",
    "name": {
      "en": "Doppelganger / RRN",
      "pl": "Doppelganger / RRN"
    },
    "aliases": [
      "RRN",
      "Reliable Recent News"
    ],
    "attribution": {
      "state": "Russia",
      "entity": "Social Design Agency; Structura",
      "confidence": "confirmed",
      "attributedBy": [
        "viginum-rrn-2023",
        "doj-doppelganger-2024",
        "eu-council-hybrid-2024"
      ]
    },
    "period": {
      "from": "2022-05",
      "ongoing": true
    },
    "targets": [
      "fr",
      "de",
      "pl",
      "us",
      "ua"
    ],
    "techniques": [
      "media cloning / typosquatting",
      "coordinated inauthentic amplification",
      "forged official documents"
    ],
    "summary": {
      "en": "A Russia-origin information-manipulation operation that clones the websites of legitimate European and North American media and government bodies to spread pro-Kremlin, anti-Ukraine content, attributed to the Russian firms Social Design Agency and Structura and targeted by EU and US sanctions and domain seizures.",
      "pl": "Powiązana z Rosją operacja manipulacji informacyjnej, która klonuje strony legalnych europejskich i północnoamerykańskich mediów oraz instytucji państwowych, by rozpowszechniać treści prokremlowskie i antyukraińskie; przypisywana rosyjskim firmom Social Design Agency i Structura, objęta sankcjami UE i USA oraz przejęciami domen."
    },
    "narratives": [
      "rigged-before-voting-day"
    ],
    "actors": [
      "social-design-agency"
    ],
    "elections": [
      "pl-2025-presidential"
    ],
    "sourceRefs": [
      "disinfolab-doppelganger-2022",
      "viginum-rrn-2023",
      "doj-doppelganger-2024",
      "eu-council-hybrid-2024",
      "eeas-doppelganger-ep-2024"
    ]
  },
  {
    "id": "ira-2016-campaign",
    "name": {
      "en": "Internet Research Agency 2016 Campaign",
      "pl": "Kampania Internet Research Agency 2016"
    },
    "aliases": [],
    "attribution": {
      "state": "Russia",
      "entity": "Internet Research Agency",
      "confidence": "confirmed",
      "attributedBy": [
        "ira-indictment-2018",
        "ssci-vol2",
        "ica-2017"
      ]
    },
    "period": {
      "from": "2014",
      "to": "2017"
    },
    "targets": [
      "us"
    ],
    "techniques": [
      "fake personas",
      "coordinated inauthentic amplification",
      "political advertising",
      "staged rallies"
    ],
    "summary": {
      "en": "A Kremlin-directed social-media influence operation targeting the 2016 U.S. election, in which operatives impersonated Americans and exploited divisive issues; 13 Russian nationals and three entities were indicted, and officials stated there was no allegation it altered the outcome.",
      "pl": "Kierowana przez Kreml operacja wpływu w mediach społecznościowych wymierzona w wybory w USA w 2016 r., w której operatorzy podszywali się pod Amerykanów i wykorzystywali kwestie dzielące; postawiono zarzuty 13 obywatelom Rosji i trzem podmiotom, a urzędnicy stwierdzili, że nie zarzuca się, by zmieniła ona wynik."
    },
    "narratives": [
      "rigged-before-voting-day"
    ],
    "actors": [
      "internet-research-agency"
    ],
    "elections": [
      "us-2016-presidential"
    ],
    "sourceRefs": [
      "ira-indictment-2018",
      "ssci-vol2",
      "ica-2017",
      "fb-testimony-2017",
      "concord-dismissal-2020"
    ]
  }
]