Secret ballot

Pembelian suara

Membayar atau memberi imbalan materi kepada pemilih agar memberikan suara dengan cara tertentu atau agar datang memilih — suatu pelanggaran prosedural, dan tindak pidana di sebagian besar yurisdiksi.

Voter intimidation

Pressure, surveillance or threat intended to deter voting or to direct it — a process violation that leaves little documentary trace and relies on observer reporting.

Ballot secrecy breach

Any arrangement that lets a third party learn how an individual voted — including photographed ballots, transparent envelopes and overly small reporting units.