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Comparative view

Election safeguards matrix

Which countries can actually check their own count — ballot type, audit requirement, who runs the election, who may observe it, and how people register and vote. One row per country profile, read from the same records as the profiles themselves.

Audit requirements are recorded for 50 of 51 country profiles. Blank cells are gaps in this database, not findings about the country.

Election safeguards matrix
CountryBallotAuditRun byDomestic observersInternational observersRegistrationVoter IDPostalFrom abroad
TaiwanTaiwanPapernot recordedIndependent commissionYesnot recordedState-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
АвстријаАвстријаPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesAutomaticAny documentUniversalUniversal
АргентинаАргентинаPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
БеларусБеларусPaperNoneGovernmentYesNoState-initiatedAny documentNoneUniversal
БоливијаБоливијаPaperNoneIndependent commissionYesYesMixednot recordedNoneRestricted
Босна и ХерцеговинаБосна и ХерцеговинаPaperMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentRestrictedUniversal
БразилБразилElectronic onlyAd hocJudiciaryYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
БугаријаБугаријаMixedJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentNoneRestricted
ВенецуелаВенецуелаElectronic + paper trailAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ГамбијаГамбијаMixedAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
ГватемалаГватемалаPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ГерманијаГерманијаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentUniversalRestricted
ГрузијаГрузијаMixedMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ЕквадорЕквадорPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ЗамбијаЗамбијаPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
ИзраелИзраелPaperJudicial onlyJudiciaryYesNoAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ИндијаИндијаElectronic + paper trailAd hocIndependent commissionYesnot recordedVoter-initiatedAny documentRestrictedNone
ИндонезијаИндонезијаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesState-initiatedPhoto IDnot recordedUniversal
Јужен СуданЈужен СуданPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedAny documentNoneRestricted
Јужна АфрикаЈужна АфрикаPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
Јужна КорејаЈужна КорејаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedRestricted
Кабо ВердеКабо ВердеPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneUniversal
КанадаКанадаPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesnot recordedMixedAny documentUniversalUniversal
КенијаКенијаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ЛатвијаЛатвијаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedUniversal
ЛитванијаЛитванијаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedUniversal
МалавиМалавиPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatednot recordedNoneNone
МарокоМарокоPaperJudicial onlyGovernmentYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
МексикоМексикоPaperMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDRestrictedRestricted
МозамбикМозамбикPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesVoter-initiatedAny documentNoneRestricted
МолдавијаМолдавијаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentnot recordedUniversal
НигеријаНигеријаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
НикарагваНикарагваPaperNoneGovernmentNoNoState-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
Нов ЗеландНов ЗеландPaperMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesMixedNoneRestrictedRestricted
Обединетото КралствоОбединетото КралствоPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesnot recordedVoter-initiatedPhoto IDVariesRestricted
ПакистанПакистанPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesState-initiatedPhoto IDRestrictedNone
ПолскаПолскаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentRestrictedUniversal
РоманијаРоманијаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedUniversal
РусијаРусијаMixedNoneGovernmentYesNoState-initiatedPhoto IDRestrictedUniversal
СенегалСенегалPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneUniversal
СловачкаСловачкаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentRestrictedRestricted
Соединети Американски ДржавиСоединети Американски ДржавиMixedVariesMixedYesYesVoter-initiatedVariesVariesUniversal
СрбијаСрбијаPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ТурцијаТурцијаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneUniversal
УкраинаУкраинаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneUniversal
УнгаријаУнгаријаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedRestricted
ФилипиниФилипиниElectronic + paper trailMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatednot recordedRestrictedUniversal
ФиџиФиџиPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDRestrictedRestricted
ФранцијаФранцијаPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesMixedPhoto IDNoneUniversal
ХаитиХаитиPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ШведскаШведскаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentRestrictedUniversal

How to read this

These are formal rules, not an assessment of practice. A country with strong rules on paper may still administer an election badly, and a country with weak rules may run a clean one. Nothing here is scored or ranked: this database publishes no composite integrity score, because collapsing these very different columns into one number would hide exactly the distinctions the table exists to show.

“Not recorded” means this database has not yet established the rule — it is a gap in our coverage, not a finding that the safeguard is absent. A country that genuinely has no audit requirement is shown as “None”.