Suffrage

Franchise restriction

A change narrowing who may vote or how easily — a category the site tracks separately from expansions, because the direction of travel is the point.

Disenfranchisement

The loss or denial of voting rights, whether by law, administration or obstruction — its effect is measurable regardless of whether the intent can be shown.

Universal suffrage

The right of all adult citizens to vote, subject only to narrow and justified exceptions — a standard reached in most countries only in the twentieth century.