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“The votes cast abroad were manufactured to change the result”

Out-of-country ballots report late, skew differently from the domestic electorate and are the hardest segment for observers to cover — three properties that make them a standing target for suspicion in any close race. Bulgaria’s Constitutional Court examined claims that voters were unlawfully added to out-of-country lists and that multiple voting was widespread, and rejected the requests to void the October 2024 election. In Moldova the diaspora vote was decisive and heavily contested, and ODIHR assessed the administration as professional and impartial. Kept at contested rather than debunked because the segment genuinely is harder to observe, and a claim that is unproven in the cases examined here is not thereby disproved everywhere.