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Compulsory voting
التعريف
A legal duty to vote or to appear at a polling station — it raises and stabilises turnout, which changes how turnout anomalies should be read.
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Turnout
The share of eligible voters who cast a ballot — comparable only against the same denominator, since registered-voter and voting-age-population bases differ substantially.
Turnout anomaly
Turnout that departs sharply from comparable units or from plausible bounds — a prompt to examine records, never on its own a finding of falsification.
Published September 22, 2026
September 22, 2026Published282b7738
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