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Countries

Electoral systems, election history, and documented incidents, country by country.

Austria

at

Electoral system: Parliamentary republic; federal president elected by direct popular vote in a two-round system.

Belarus

by

Electoral system: Presidential republic; the president is elected in a two-round system and elections are administered by a Central Election Commission.

Moldova

md

Electoral system: Parliamentary republic; president elected by direct popular vote in a two-round system; elections run by the Central Electoral Commission (CEC).

Poland

pl

Electoral system: Parliamentary republic; president elected by direct popular vote in a two-round system; elections run by the State Electoral Commission (PKW).

Romania

ro

Electoral system: Semi-presidential republic; president elected by direct popular vote in a two-round system; a Constitutional Court oversees electoral validity.

United States

us

Electoral system: Federal presidential republic; president elected via the Electoral College; elections administered state-by-state.