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Election Integrity & Foreign Influence Database

The truth about elections, held to a single standard.

Elections documented, attacked, and defended — with proven falsification kept strictly apart from interference, propaganda, and mere anomaly. Every finding is tiered by the strength of its evidence.

Explore elections How we verify

45: elections
20: operations
210: sources

Database last updated August 18, 2026

Election spotlight

2016

United KingdomReferendumHeld

United Kingdom 2016 EU Membership Referendum

Leave won the 23 June 2016 referendum on EU membership 51.89% to 48.11% on a 72.2% turnout. The vote itself was well-administered — paper ballots hand-counted in 382 local counting areas — but the campaign left a documented integrity record: the Electoral Commission fined both designated Leave campaigns for breaking spending law, the UK Statistics Authority called the £350m-a-week claim a clear misuse of official statistics, and the Intelligence and Security Committee later found the government had 'actively avoided' investigating possible Russian interference.

Process violations

1 established · 2 not established

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Research tools

Interrogate the evidence, not just the headlines

Ask precise questions, compare cases, trace documented relationships, inspect change over time, and reuse the underlying data.

Evidence Lab

Build a transparent question and inspect every matching case.

Investigations

Short, curated paths through cases and primary evidence.

Compare

Compare the evidence fingerprints of three elections.

Network

Walk from a case to its findings, sources and related records.

Country Twins

Find countries with comparable voting rules and safeguards.

Time Machine

See when records entered the public database and changed.

Timeline

Documented cases in chronological order.

Statistics

The corpus counted, compared and charted.

Open Data

Bulk exports and a read-only API, CC BY 4.0.

Five categories, never conflated

The difference between these is the whole point. An attacked election is not the same as a falsified one.

Result falsification

The recorded numbers do not reflect the votes cast.

Process violations

Unequal media access, repression, illegal financing, vote buying, misuse of state resources.

Foreign interference

Cyberattacks, hack-and-leak, covert foreign financing, impersonation of media or institutions by a foreign state or proxy.

Information operations

Troll farms, fake local-media networks, covert political ads, coordinated inauthentic amplification — foreign or domestic.

Statistical anomalies

Patterns in the data worth examining — explicitly not proof of fraud.

A finding sits in exactly one category. Colors and icons carry the same meaning everywhere on the site.

From the case files

What was proven — and what was not

The clearest test of a trustworthy record is whether it can hold both statements at once.

Moldova 2024 Presidential Election & EU Referendum

What is established

Foreign interferenceConfirmed
A Russia-origin vote-buying operation run through the Shor network moved money to voters via the sanctioned Russian bank Promsvyazbank; it was documented by Moldovan police, DFRLab and Meta and matched by a U.S. sanctions designation.
Sources:1 2 3
Information operationsCorroborated
Coordinated disinformation accompanied the vote: Meta removed a network of fake Russian-language news brands, and forged letters impersonating EU and Moldovan bodies circulated.
Sources:1 2

What is not established

Result falsificationDebunked
That the count or certified results were falsified — not established. ODIHR assessed the administration as professional and impartial and the EU endorsed the results.
Sources:1 2
Foreign interferenceAlleged
Direct Kremlin command-and-control of the operations is not conclusively established; DFRLab characterised the activity as pro-Russian, and the U.S. framed intelligence coordination as likely rather than proven.
Sources:1 2

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Method

Why you can trust this

No source, no claim. The same taxonomy and evidence bar applies to every country, party, and government — including Western democracies.

Read the methodology

Academy

Learn how elections actually work

How votes are counted and verified, why interference is not the same as fraud, and how to check a viral claim yourself.

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Updates

Recently added and revised

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