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Comparative view

Election safeguards matrix

Which countries can actually check their own count — ballot type, audit requirement, who runs the election, who may observe it, and how people register and vote. One row per country profile, read from the same records as the profiles themselves.

Audit requirements are recorded for 50 of 51 country profiles. Blank cells are gaps in this database, not findings about the country.

Election safeguards matrix
CountryBallotAuditRun byDomestic observersInternational observersRegistrationVoter IDPostalFrom abroad
IndonesiaIndonesiaPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesState-initiatedPhoto IDnot recordedUniversal
NicaraguaNicaraguaPaperNoneGovernmentNoNoState-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
NigeriaNigeriaPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
PakistanPakistanPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesState-initiatedPhoto IDRestrictedNone
PhilippinesPhilippinesElectronic + paper trailMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatednot recordedRestrictedUniversal
SenegalSenegalPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneUniversal
АвстрияАвстрияPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesAutomaticAny documentUniversalUniversal
АргентинаАргентинаPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
БеларусьБеларусьPaperNoneGovernmentYesNoState-initiatedAny documentNoneUniversal
БолгарияБолгарияMixedJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentNoneRestricted
БоливияБоливияPaperNoneIndependent commissionYesYesMixednot recordedNoneRestricted
Босния и ГерцеговинаБосния и ГерцеговинаPaperMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentRestrictedUniversal
БразилияБразилияElectronic onlyAd hocJudiciaryYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ВенгрияВенгрияPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedRestricted
ВенесуэлаВенесуэлаElectronic + paper trailAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ГаитиГаитиPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ГамбияГамбияMixedAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
ГватемалаГватемалаPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ГерманияГерманияPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentUniversalRestricted
ГрузияГрузияMixedMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ЗамбияЗамбияPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
ИзраильИзраильPaperJudicial onlyJudiciaryYesNoAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ИндияИндияElectronic + paper trailAd hocIndependent commissionYesnot recordedVoter-initiatedAny documentRestrictedNone
Кабо-ВердеКабо-ВердеPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneUniversal
КанадаКанадаPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesnot recordedMixedAny documentUniversalUniversal
КенияКенияPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
ЛатвияЛатвияPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedUniversal
ЛитваЛитваPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedUniversal
МалавиМалавиPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatednot recordedNoneNone
МароккоМароккоPaperJudicial onlyGovernmentYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
МексикаМексикаPaperMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDRestrictedRestricted
МозамбикМозамбикPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesVoter-initiatedAny documentNoneRestricted
МолдоваМолдоваPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentnot recordedUniversal
Новая ЗеландияНовая ЗеландияPaperMandatory recountIndependent commissionYesYesMixedNoneRestrictedRestricted
ПольшаПольшаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentRestrictedUniversal
РоссияРоссияMixedNoneGovernmentYesNoState-initiatedPhoto IDRestrictedUniversal
РумынияРумынияPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedUniversal
СербияСербияPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
СловакияСловакияPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentRestrictedRestricted
Соединённое КоролевствоСоединённое КоролевствоPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesnot recordedVoter-initiatedPhoto IDVariesRestricted
Соединенные ШтатыСоединенные ШтатыMixedVariesMixedYesYesVoter-initiatedVariesVariesUniversal
ТайваньТайваньPapernot recordedIndependent commissionYesnot recordedState-initiatedPhoto IDNoneNone
ТурцияТурцияPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneUniversal
УкраинаУкраинаPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneUniversal
ФиджиФиджиPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDRestrictedRestricted
ФранцияФранцияPaperJudicial onlyMixedYesYesMixedPhoto IDNoneUniversal
ШвецияШвецияPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticAny documentRestrictedUniversal
ЭквадорЭквадорPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDNoneRestricted
Южная АфрикаЮжная АфрикаPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedPhoto IDNoneRestricted
Южная КореяЮжная КореяPaperJudicial onlyIndependent commissionYesYesAutomaticPhoto IDRestrictedRestricted
Южный СуданЮжный СуданPaperAd hocIndependent commissionYesYesVoter-initiatedAny documentNoneRestricted

How to read this

These are formal rules, not an assessment of practice. A country with strong rules on paper may still administer an election badly, and a country with weak rules may run a clean one. Nothing here is scored or ranked: this database publishes no composite integrity score, because collapsing these very different columns into one number would hide exactly the distinctions the table exists to show.

“Not recorded” means this database has not yet established the rule — it is a gap in our coverage, not a finding that the safeguard is absent. A country that genuinely has no audit requirement is shown as “None”.