Comparative view
Election safeguards matrix
Which countries can actually check their own count — ballot type, audit requirement, who runs the election, who may observe it, and how people register and vote. One row per country profile, read from the same records as the profiles themselves.
Audit requirements are recorded for 50 of 51 country profiles. Blank cells are gaps in this database, not findings about the country.
| Country | Ballot | Audit | Run by | Domestic observers | International observers | Registration | Voter ID | Postal | From abroad |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IndonesiaIndonesia | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | State-initiated | Photo ID | not recorded | Universal |
| NicaraguaNicaragua | Paper | None | Government | No | No | State-initiated | Photo ID | None | None |
| NigeriaNigeria | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | None |
| PakistanPakistan | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | State-initiated | Photo ID | Restricted | None |
| PhilippinesPhilippines | Electronic + paper trail | Mandatory recount | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | not recorded | Restricted | Universal |
| SenegalSenegal | Paper | Judicial only | Mixed | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Universal |
| АвстрияАвстрия | Paper | Judicial only | Mixed | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Any document | Universal | Universal |
| АргентинаАргентина | Paper | Judicial only | Mixed | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| БеларусьБеларусь | Paper | None | Government | Yes | No | State-initiated | Any document | None | Universal |
| БолгарияБолгария | Mixed | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Any document | None | Restricted |
| БоливияБоливия | Paper | None | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Mixed | not recorded | None | Restricted |
| Босния и ГерцеговинаБосния и Герцеговина | Paper | Mandatory recount | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Any document | Restricted | Universal |
| БразилияБразилия | Electronic only | Ad hoc | Judiciary | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| ВенгрияВенгрия | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | Restricted | Restricted |
| ВенесуэлаВенесуэла | Electronic + paper trail | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| ГаитиГаити | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| ГамбияГамбия | Mixed | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | None |
| ГватемалаГватемала | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| ГерманияГермания | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Any document | Universal | Restricted |
| ГрузияГрузия | Mixed | Mandatory recount | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| ЗамбияЗамбия | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | None |
| ИзраильИзраиль | Paper | Judicial only | Judiciary | Yes | No | Automatic | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| ИндияИндия | Electronic + paper trail | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | not recorded | Voter-initiated | Any document | Restricted | None |
| Кабо-ВердеКабо-Верде | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Universal |
| КанадаКанада | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | not recorded | Mixed | Any document | Universal | Universal |
| КенияКения | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| ЛатвияЛатвия | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | Restricted | Universal |
| ЛитваЛитва | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | Restricted | Universal |
| МалавиМалави | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | not recorded | None | None |
| МароккоМарокко | Paper | Judicial only | Government | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| МексикаМексика | Paper | Mandatory recount | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | Restricted | Restricted |
| МозамбикМозамбик | Paper | Judicial only | Mixed | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Any document | None | Restricted |
| МолдоваМолдова | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Any document | not recorded | Universal |
| Новая ЗеландияНовая Зеландия | Paper | Mandatory recount | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Mixed | None | Restricted | Restricted |
| ПольшаПольша | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Any document | Restricted | Universal |
| РоссияРоссия | Mixed | None | Government | Yes | No | State-initiated | Photo ID | Restricted | Universal |
| РумынияРумыния | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | Restricted | Universal |
| СербияСербия | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| СловакияСловакия | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Any document | Restricted | Restricted |
| Соединённое КоролевствоСоединённое Королевство | Paper | Judicial only | Mixed | Yes | not recorded | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | Varies | Restricted |
| Соединенные ШтатыСоединенные Штаты | Mixed | Varies | Mixed | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Varies | Varies | Universal |
| ТайваньТайвань | Paper | not recorded | Independent commission | Yes | not recorded | State-initiated | Photo ID | None | None |
| ТурцияТурция | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | None | Universal |
| УкраинаУкраина | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | None | Universal |
| ФиджиФиджи | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | Restricted | Restricted |
| ФранцияФранция | Paper | Judicial only | Mixed | Yes | Yes | Mixed | Photo ID | None | Universal |
| ШвецияШвеция | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Any document | Restricted | Universal |
| ЭквадорЭквадор | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| Южная АфрикаЮжная Африка | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Photo ID | None | Restricted |
| Южная КореяЮжная Корея | Paper | Judicial only | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Automatic | Photo ID | Restricted | Restricted |
| Южный СуданЮжный Судан | Paper | Ad hoc | Independent commission | Yes | Yes | Voter-initiated | Any document | None | Restricted |
How to read this
These are formal rules, not an assessment of practice. A country with strong rules on paper may still administer an election badly, and a country with weak rules may run a clean one. Nothing here is scored or ranked: this database publishes no composite integrity score, because collapsing these very different columns into one number would hide exactly the distinctions the table exists to show.
“Not recorded” means this database has not yet established the rule — it is a gap in our coverage, not a finding that the safeguard is absent. A country that genuinely has no audit requirement is shown as “None”.