Secret ballot

Compra de votos

Pagar o recompensar materialmente a los votantes para que emitan su voto de una determinada manera o para que acudan a votar — una infracción procesal, y un delito en la mayoría de las jurisdicciones.

Voter intimidation

Pressure, surveillance or threat intended to deter voting or to direct it — a process violation that leaves little documentary trace and relies on observer reporting.

Ballot secrecy breach

Any arrangement that lets a third party learn how an individual voted — including photographed ballots, transparent envelopes and overly small reporting units.