Glossary term
Voter identification
Definition
The documentation required to vote — a genuine trade-off between exclusion risk and impersonation risk, which the evidence base treats as separable questions.
See also
Voter impersonation
Voting as someone else in person — the specific fraud that voter ID addresses, and the one that audits consistently find at very low rates.
Disenfranchisement
The loss or denial of voting rights, whether by law, administration or obstruction — its effect is measurable regardless of whether the intent can be shown.
Published September 22, 2026
September 22, 2026Published282b7738
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