Portal Kombat

Pravda network

A structured network of country- and locality-targeted portals that mass-republishes Russian and pro-Russian sources. VIGINUM expanded its inventory from 193 to 224 portals in early 2024, covering almost every EU member state and additional European audiences shortly before the European Parliament election.

VIGINUM documented a major role for Crimea-based Russian web company TigerWeb in creating and administering sites but said the identity of the commissioning operator was not known. Country links on future Election Watch pages describe documented infrastructure precedent only; they do not assert that Portal Kombat is active in those future campaigns.